NIJ standards

NIJ 0101.06 Ballistic Resistance Standards

The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Standard 0101.06 classifies body armor based on ballistic performance levels. Each level is defined by the types of ammunition the armor can defeat and the testing velocity thresholds.
To meet certification, armor must prevent bullet penetration and minimize blunt force trauma to the wearer.

NIJ Level IIIA – Handgun & Submachine Gun Protection

Tested Threats:

• .44 Magnum SJHP (Semi-Jacketed Hollow Point), 240 gr, impacting up to 426 m/s (1,400 ft/s)

• 9mm FMJ (Full Metal Jacket), 124 gr, impacting up to 426 m/s (1,400 ft/s)

Performance Summary:
Level IIIA armor provides reliable protection against virtually all common handgun threats, including those covered by lower levels (I, IIA, and II).
It offers the highest protection available in soft, concealable body armor, making it ideal for law enforcement, security, and everyday duty use.
However, due to its thicker composition, users in hot or humid climates should evaluate comfort and ventilation needs before extended wear.

NIJ Level III – Rifle Protection

Tested Threats:

• 7.62mm FMJ (M80), 150 gr, impacting up to 838 m/s (2,750 ft/s)

• Also effective against 5.56mm FMJ (223 Remington), .30 Carbine FMJ, and 12-gauge rifled slugs

Performance Summary:
Level III armor uses hard or semi-rigid plates designed for protection against rifle fire.
It is suited for tactical operations and high-threat scenarios, such as barricade situations or engagements involving high-powered rifles.

NIJ Level IV – Armor-Piercing Rifle Protection

Tested Threats:

• .30-06 APM2 (Armor-Piercing), 166 gr, impacting up to 868 m/s (2,850 ft/s)

Performance Summary:
Level IV provides the highest ballistic protection available, capable of stopping armor-piercing rifle rounds.
Typically constructed with ceramic or composite materials, these plates are designed for single-hit protection due to the brittle nature of ceramics upon impact.
Level IV armor is intended exclusively for tactical and combat situations where armor-piercing threats are anticipated.

For more details on ballistic classifications, test methods, and performance criteria, refer to the official NIJ Standard–0101.06 documentation.